產品簡介

GM-CSF/CSF2 背景信息

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of an array of cytokines with pivotal roles in embryo implantation and subsequent development. Several cell lineages in the reproductive tract and gestational tissues synthesise GM-CSF under direction by ovarian steroid hormones and signalling agents originating in male seminal fluid and the conceptus. The pre-implantation embryo, invading placental trophoblast cells and the abundant populations of leukocytes controlling maternal immune tolerance are all subject to GM-CSF regulation. GM-CSF stimulates the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors to monocytes and neutrophils, and reduces the risk for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. GM-CSF also has been shown to induce the differentiation of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) that promote the development of T-helper type 1 (cellular) immune responses in cognate T cells. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer, and the encoding gene is localized to a related gene cluster at chromosome region 5q31 which is known to be associated with 5q-syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has been utilized in the clinical management of multiple disease processes. Most recently, GM-CSF has been incorporated into the treatment of malignancies as a sole therapy, as well as a vaccine adjuvant. While the benefits of GM-CSF in this arena have been promising, recent reports have suggested the potential for GM-CSF to induce immune suppression and, thus, negatively impact outcomes in the management of cancer patients. GM-CSF deficiency in pregnancy adversely impacts fetal and placental development, as well as progeny viability and growth after birth, highlighting this cytokine as a central maternal determinant of pregnancy outcome with clinical relevance in human fertility.

保存及運輸條件：

Handling: Centrifuge vial prior to opening. Do not vortex after reconstitution. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Reconstitution: Initially reconstitute in water to 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Store at 2°C to 8°C for up to 1 week or prepare for extended storage.

After initial reconstitution, further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein or stabilizer (e.g. 0.1% BSA). Store working aliquots at -20?C to -80?C.

穩定性 & 儲存條件：

24 months, -20 to -70 °C, under powder state;

12 months, -20 to -70 °C, under sterile conditions after reconstitution;

2 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution;

avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

產品特性

蛋白構建：A DNA sequence encoding the mature form of human GM-CSF (NP_000749.2) (Ala 18-Glu 144) was expressed, with a polyhistidine tag at the N-terminus.

全稱：colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)

Synonyms: Neuregulin1 (NRG1-β1), Neu differentiation factor (rat), HRG, HRG1-β1, Breast cancer cell differentiation factor p45, ARIA (Acetylcholine Receptor Inducing Activity), glial growth factor

純度:≥ 92% as determined by SDS-PAGE

內毒素:< 1.0 EU per ug of the protein as determined by the the LAL method；

生物活性:

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.1-0.6 ng/mL.

種屬：Human

預測 N 端：His

表達宿主：HEK293 Cells；

分子量：

The recombinant human GMCSF consists of 147 amino acids and predicts a molecular mass of 16.9 kDa. As a result of glycosylation, it migrates as an approximately 24-27 kDa band in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

Formulation:

Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4.Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 

Reconstitution:

It is recommended that sterile water (400ul). be added to the vial to prepare a stock solution of 0.25mg/mL

Concentration is measured by UV